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Reference
Six letters, three symbols, and you can read any scramble or algorithm ever written. Every move is clockwise unless marked otherwise.
The six basics — clockwise as if you were looking straight at that face.
Turn the top face clockwise (viewed from above).
Turn the bottom face clockwise (viewed from below).
Turn the right face clockwise (viewed from the right).
Turn the left face clockwise (viewed from the left).
Turn the face toward you clockwise.
Turn the far face clockwise (viewed from behind).
Attach these to any move.
The apostrophe means counter-clockwise. R' is the exact inverse of R.
Turn the face 180°. Direction doesn't matter — both ways end the same.
Two (or more) layers at once — how big cubes are scrambled.
Turn the right two layers together. Written Rw in WCA scrambles, lowercase r in many algorithm sheets.
Top two layers together. Essential on 4×4 and larger cubes.
On 6×6+, the number says how many layers turn together.
The middle layers on odd cubes. Core to Roux and many OLL/PLL algs.
The layer between L and R, turning in the same direction as L. Big in Roux.
The layer between U and D, following D's direction.
The layer between F and B, following F's direction.
Turn the whole cube in your hands — no stickers change place.
Rotate the whole cube like an R turn — nothing changes position relative to the cube itself.
Rotate the whole cube like a U turn. Used constantly in F2L.
Rotate the whole cube like an F turn.
The most famous four moves in cubing. Hover or focus each move to decode it.
Right up, top left, right down, top right — cubers call this the "trigger". Run it six times on a solved cube and it returns exactly where it started.
Best way to learn it: watch a scramble happen.
Open the timer — every scramble has a live preview